Pushkin Street

The area of the city beyond the river Abramka is called Zaabramka. Pushkin Street passes through this place (until 1937 — Bolshaya Pilyatskaya).

In the old days there was a Tatar settlement here. Siberian Tatars are the indigenous population of Western Siberia and the indigenous inhabitants of Tobolsk.
One of the main monuments of Siberian Tatar culture is the Tobolsk Cathedral Mosque. The houses of Tobolsk merchants Aitmukhametov, Tushakov and Chenbaevs are of great interest.

The end of the street is the Prince’s Meadow. Tatar princes, relatives of Siberian khans, used to come here for falconry.

The Prince’s Meadow offers a magnificent view of the Tobolsk Kremlin and the Chuvash Cape.

In 1937 Pilyatskaya Street was renamed Pushkin Street. Alexander Sergeevich himself has never been to Tobolsk, but his uncle Sergei Alexandrovich Pushkin and great-grandfather Abram Petrovich Hannibal visited here. The Decembrists lived in the settlement in the capital of Siberia. Pushchin and V.Kuchelbecker.

The uncle of the great poet A.S. Pushkin, Mikhail Alexandrovich Pushkin, was exiled to Tobolsk for counterfeiting banknotes, while he was forbidden to use the old family name, and to be called "Nepushkin" or "former Pushkin".
Mikhail Alexandrovich’s wife Natalia Abramovna (nee Volkonskaya) went to Siberia with her husband. In Tobolsk, the Pushkins lived in the mountainous part of the city, went to the service at the Church of the Nativity of the Virgin (Ilyinskaya). They were not in financial distress, as evidenced by the list of household people of 21 people who lived with them. In exile, the Pushkins had two daughters and a son.

Until the end of his life, Mikhail Alexandrovich hoped for a commutation of the sentence and a return to his homeland. He stayed in exile for 21 years and remained in Tobolsk forever. In the metrical book of the Church of the Nativity of the Theotokos dated February 5, 1793, there is the following entry: "The unscrupulous Mikhail Alexandrovich Nepushkin died 56 years old with repentance." He was buried in the Zavalny cemetery. His grave is unknown.

The residential house belongs to the apartment type of buildings common in Tobolsk of the late XIX — early XX century. A two-story wooden house under a four-pitched roof, cut down by a large five-wall. The building is decorated with window frames with a floral pattern. Before the revolution, the house belonged to the Tobolsk philistine Vasily Vasilyevich Konchin. In Soviet times, it was an apartment-type building. It is mentioned in the scientific catalog "Architectural heritage of the Tyumen region".

The two-storey wooden house on Bolshaya Pilyatskaya Street (now Pushkin Street) was built at the end of the XIX century. A notable feature of this house were triple Italian windows, taken into a common patterned trim and giving a special solemnity to the facade. In 1911, Nikita Andreevich Rodionchik, a Tobolsk philistine, owned a house at 13 Bolshaya Piletskaya Street. In Soviet times, the house housed apartments of citizens. In 1990, the building was placed under state protection. Now this house doesn’t exist.

One of the typical examples of residential development in Tobolsk of the late XIX — early XX century, refers to the type of provincial apartment building. It is a wooden, sheathed with a plank, seven-sided. The house was rebuilt several times, as a result, a second entrance appeared from Dekabristov Street (formerly Abramovskaya). The house is decorated with platbands with sawn carvings.

In Soviet times, it was an apartment-type building. In 2006, the house suffered from a fire and later the building was dismantled. Now in its place is the "Abramovsky Ecological Park". It was opened on November 29, 2016 by teachers and students of secondary school No. 15.

At the beginning of the twentieth century, at the address Bolshaya Piletskaya str., 18, there was a wooden house belonging to the Holy Cross (Intercession) Church. In 1911, it had 9 residents. This apartment building was built of wood in 1917. Unfortunately, little has been preserved from the original decoration of the house.

The building is located near the mosque. Built in the early twentieth century by merchant Aitmukhametov, the building was transferred to the spiritual school for Muslim children — madrasah. The students' training program included such subjects as Kazan Turki, history, orientation, ethics, physical education, counting, dictation, and the study of the Koran. In the 1920s, the building housed the national Tatar school. Now — secondary school No. 15.

Here is a brief history of the school.

In October 1918, on the basis of a decree of the National Department of the People’s Commissariat of Education in Tobolsk, a Narimov Muslim school was opened on the basis of a madrasa. The city authorities allocated a building at 24 Bolshaya Pilyatskaya Street (now Pushkin Street) for the academic building and house No. 38 for the boarding school, which once belonged to the merchants Chenbaev, for the poor school. The organizer of the school and the first chairman of the school council was Rahim Nauruzovich Nauruzov, and the secretary was Kalman Lobkov.

In 1924, by the decision of the Tobolsk OKRONO, the school was transformed into the Tatar-Bashkir 7-year school named after N.K. Krupsky. Children of all the nearby villages of Tobolsk, Vagay, Uvatsky and other districts began to study here, since it was the only Tatar school-seven-year-old.

In 1931, the school became secondary school No. 15, and during the Great Patriotic War it was again a seven-year school. Since 1951, the school has acquired the status of "Tatar Secondary School No. 15".

In 1950−1955, a whole galaxy of young and energetic teachers with higher education arrived at the school. The team was headed by K.M. Muratov.
In 1961, the school became "Secondary Secondary School No. 15" and switched to training programs of Russian schools.

Currently, the school is a Municipal autonomous educational institution "Secondary School No. 15".

The main direction of the school’s work is ethno—cultural education and upbringing. The school introduced the study of the Tatar language at the request of parents.
The school has a museum of the Irtysh River. Its oldest exhibit is a shipping map from 1914. Here you can see a lot of photos reflecting the history, a ship’s telephone, a river buoy lantern, a ship’s compass, a depth indicator for lowering the frame.

The first wooden mosque was built in the Tatar settlement in 1811 with donations from Bukharian Abibula Nurmin. This mosque operated for many years, although it was considered "temporary". In 1844−1845, a new wooden mosque was built instead of the temporary one. Shakir Sharypov was the imam of this mosque for many years. At the end of the XIX century he was replaced by Abusagit Bikshenev.

In 1895−1900, a new stone mosque with a minaret was built on the site of a wooden mosque, on the initiative of the merchant of the 2nd guild Tukhtasyn-hadji Safaraleevich Aitmukhametov. The construction was supervised by Maksum Bekshenev. Aitmukhametov, a member of the Tobolsk City Duma, one of the founders and treasurer of the Society of Progressive Muslims, opened and maintained a Tatar school at his own expense. At his insistence, the logs of the old wooden mosque were used for the construction of a new school building. In 1895−1900, a new stone mosque with a minaret was built in Nizhny Posad on the site of the wooden one. The construction was supervised by Maksum Bekshenev. In 1930, the mosque was closed. Restored in 1990. The project work on its restoration was carried out by the great-granddaughter of the patron Svetlana Chetkareva.

On Pushkin Street, 33 there is a stone two-storey building built in 1890 by merchant Akim Ushakov. Then the house was sold to the Chenbaev brothers. Their company has existed in Tobolsk since 1875. The store "Brothers Mukhamet-Safar and Khudzhetulla Chenbayev" was located in the gostiny row on the Market Square. The Chenbaevs owned this house until 1917. In 1930, the Tatar kindergarten "Red Star" was opened in this building. Since 1931, Russian children have also been accepted into it. Today it is kindergarten No. 5 "Dove". The house is also included in the catalog "Architectural heritage of the Tyumen region".

The house of merchant Aitmukhametov has been preserved to our time. The exact construction of the house is unknown, but its style tends to the middle of the XIX century. The first floor of the house is stone, the second is wooden. The layout of the house is typical for its time. The lower ground floor was reserved for utility rooms, on the second floor there were living rooms. In Soviet times, there was a library in the house.