Rosa Luxemburg Street

At the foot of the Nikolsky vozvoz originates the ancient Bogoyavlenskaya Street, named after the Epiphany Church. In the early years of Soviet power, the street was named after the German revolutionary Rosa Luxemburg.

The Bogoyavlenskaya Street area has always been very prestigious. In the XVIII century, many merchant families lived here (among them the famous enlighteners Kornilyev), the first building of the Tobolsk Theater, which was visited by A.N. Radishchev, was located here.

The street is rich in historical and architectural monuments. At the very foot of the Trinity Cape is one of the five Catholic churches in Western Siberia, the Church of the Holy Trinity.

The foundation stone of the Holy Trinity Church was laid on August 15, 1900. The church has become not only a religious, but also a cultural center. Polish speech was heard here, weddings and baptisms of babies were held. There was a large library attached to the church.

After the revolution, all churches in Russia were closed, many were destroyed. The same fate befell the Tobolsk Church. The church was consecrated for the second time on August 13, 2000 by Bishop Joseph Werth. In 2007, parishioners solemnly celebrated the centenary of the construction of the temple.

Opposite the church is the building of the old men’s gymnasium. The building was built before the fire of 1788 by Councilor Ryazanov. After the Big Fire, the governor A.V. Alyabyev lived in this house and the childhood years of the composer A.A. Alyabyev passed here.

After the departure of the Alyabyev family from Tobolsk, the Main National School was located in the building. In 1810, the school was reorganized into a men’s gymnasium, where I.P. Mendeleev worked as a director, P.P. Ershov is associated with this gymnasium. D.I. Mendeleev and the son of the Decembrist I.A. Annenkov, Vladimir, studied at the gymnasium. On his last visit to his homeland, D.I. Mendeleev visited the old gymnasium building. Then it already housed a boarding house, in which students who were on state support lived.

In Soviet times, a polyclinic was located in the building of the old gymnasium. Now the building is temporarily occupied by the Tobolsk Archive.

Moving further along Rosa Luxemburg Street, you can see the building of the new men’s gymnasium, three floors with high ceilings, built in 1892. There was also a house church of St. Innokenty of Irkutsk.

In 1939, the building housed the revived Tobolsk Teachers' Institute. During the Great Patriotic War, the famous philologist, academician Viktor Vladimirovich Vinogradov taught at the Institute. In 1954, the Tobolsk Teachers' Institute was transformed into a pedagogical one. Currently, the building houses one of the academic buildings of the D.I. Mendeleev Tobolsk Pedagogical Institute.

On the bank of the Kurdyumka River there was one of the most ancient churches not only in Tobolsk — Bogoyavlenskaya, built in 1691. D.I. Mendeleev was baptized in the Epiphany Church, the poet-storyteller P.P. Ershov was married for the first time.

In 1930 the church was closed. It was transferred to the artel "Smychka" for storage, the river fleet, the Tobolsk Museum of Local Lore, the match factory "Mnogopromsoyuz". As a result, revealing a "severe deformation", the church was destroyed.

The street ends behind the bridge over the Kurdyumka River, smoothly flowing into the Market Square. This bridge is called Bazarny or Bogorodsky.

On the bank of the Kurdyumka river there was one of the most ancient churches not only in Tobolsk — Bogoyavlenskaya. The time of the foundation of the first wooden Epiphany Church is impossible to determine exactly. However, in 1624 the temple already existed. It can be assumed that the first Tobolians who moved from the fortress downhill laid it in the twenties of the XVII century.

The first builders of the temple were natives of Veliky Ustyug, because the chapel of the church was consecrated in the name of Procopius of Ustyug the wonderworker.

The first church burned down in 1662. Soon a new wooden church was built, with the name of the Epiphany with the throne of the icon of the Vladimir Mother of God.

The new church existed until 1680. Then it died in a fire. On July 20, 1685, Metropolitan Paul I ordered to erect a stone church instead of the wooden Epiphany Church. On July 20, 1691, the new church was consecrated.

The Epiphany Church had three thrones: on the first floor of the Epiphany of the Lord, on the second — the Vladimir Icon of the Mother of God, in the chapel — the Great Martyr Barbara. The newly built church was badly damaged in a fire on June 6, 1701. The fire did not destroy the walls, but destroyed all the ancient icons and many of the church utensils.

In the Great Fire of 1788, the wooden floors of the bell tower and the top of the church burned down, but all the church property was saved, and on December 4 of the same year the thrones were consecrated anew. In the same year, Bishop Varlaam donated to the church a golden panagia with fragments of the relics of St. Barbara.

D.I. Mendeleev was baptized in the Epiphany Church, the poet-storyteller P.P. Ershov was married for the first time.

In 1930, the church was closed. In April of the same year, due to dilapidation, it was decided to dismantle it, but for some reason this did not happen, and in the same year it was transferred to the artel "Smychka" for warehouses. The following year she was transferred to the river fleet. In 1939, they tried to adapt the church for a club. During the Great Patriotic War, the church was transferred to the Tobolsk Museum of Local Lore. But the museum did not have enough funds to maintain it, then the authorities transferred the temple to the match factory of "Mnogopromsoyuz".

Meanwhile, the church was being destroyed more. In 1942, a state commission was established, which revealed the church "… severe deformation and a number of vertical cracks throughout the northeastern part of the building …", which posed a threat of its sudden collapse. As a result, the church was blown up.

Next to the buildings of the old men’s gymnasium, a bridge is thrown across the Kurdyumka River, which in the old days was called Kokuysky or Gymnasium. The townspeople nicknamed it the "dating bridge", because high school students used it to assign dates to their young ladies.

The bridge is famous for many historical events. On July 26, 1907, Andrei Gavrilovich Bogoyavlensky, the caretaker of the Tobolsk convict prison No. 1, was murdered here. Bogoyavlensky was driving in his carriage with his daughter and the senior supervisor Stepan Borodulina, who was the coachman, along Bogoyavlenskaya Street. At about six o’clock in the evening, Bogoyavlensky was shot in the stomach on the bridge near the gymnasium boarding school and died a few hours later without regaining consciousness.

Gendarmerie Colonel Velke happened to be at the scene of the incident, then police chief Kublitsky, bailiff Melnikov with gendarmes and police arrived, they immediately cordoned off the area along the street from Nikolsky to Pryamsky vozvozov. A joint inspection was carried out in all premises, not excluding the gymnasium.

According to eyewitnesses, the shooter was a young man, tall, without a beard, with a small blond mustache. He is dressed in a black jacket, black trousers and a cap pulled down over his forehead. The unknown man was holding a black cane in his hands. After the shot, the killer ran across the street towards the Roman Catholic Church in the direction of Syromyatnikov’s house and disappeared into the courtyard of the house.

When examining the territory where the killer disappeared, a black straight cane was found behind the church, and a black single-breasted jacket and cap were found behind the Syromyatnikov barn. The weapon of the crime could not be found. The found cane and jacket indicated that the fugitive was throwing things on the road, and the direction pointed to the courtyard of the house of Syromyatnikov.

During the inspection, Ivan Rogozhin, an exiled settler who lived in this house and worked right there in a carpentry workshop, who was standing near a barrel in the yard of Syromyatnikov, attracted special attention of everyone. During the search, he was very worried, often drank water, had the appearance of an agitated person. Colonel Velke detained the suspect in the crime and ordered to bring the coachman Bogoyavlensky Borodulin. Upon arrival, Borodulin pointed at Rogozhin from afar, stating that he resembles a murderer in everything. Based on Borodulin’s testimony and strange behavior, Ivan Rogozhin was arrested.

Located in the northern part of the territory of the ensemble of the Epiphany Church, the building was intended "for the charity of the poor" and was built in 1758 at the expense of the merchant Dorofeev.

"It stands at the very foot of the mountain of the city location at the so-called Pryamsky Vozvoz," the compilers of the "Historical and topographic description of various institutions and buildings belonging to the Tobolsk order of public charity" wrote in 1812, emphasizing that "among the stone residential buildings, the almshouse "deserves primacy in its long-standing structure."

The almshouse is one of the oldest stone residential buildings in Siberia, it is noted in almost all publications related to the architecture of Tobolsk, its construction is connected with the reconstruction of the Epiphany Church.

Currently, the building has been restored. It houses a tourist information center.

The new building of the Tobolsk Men’s Gymnasium was consecrated on September 14, 1893. Many citizens attended the ceremony. A solemn prayer service was served, followed by a concert of military music.

As the columnists of the newspaper "Tobolsk provincial Vedomosti" noted, the building was distinguished by "an abundance of air, light, cleanliness, amenities, sometimes turning into comfort, grandiosity of construction, elegance of furniture — all this amazes unusual Tobolians who got used to their children spending their childhood and adolescence in cramped and insufficient light and air educational premises …" (Tobolsk provincial Vedomosti. 1889. No. 43. pp. 10−11).

The building is built on three floors, with high ceilings and spacious classrooms. There was also a house church. On February 9, the feast of the transfer of the relics of St. Nicholas was celebrated in the gymnasium church. Innokenty of Irkutsk.

In 1899, traveling as part of an expedition to the Trans-Urals, D.I. Mendeleev visited the gymnasium. The director of the gymnasium, Pyotr Ivanovich Panov, conducted an excursion for the distinguished guest, showed classes, a library, a gymnasium church. Mendeleev was very pleased with everything and said that such a building could decorate the capital cities.

On January 23, 1907, at 11 o’clock in the morning, a memorial service was held in the house gymnasium church in the presence of students and teachers on the occasion of the death of D.I. Mendeleev.

On July 1, 1910, Andrey Dmitrievich Kvak, a graduate of the St. Petersburg Historical and Philological Institute, was appointed director of the gymnasium.

On January 27, 1913, the former director of the gymnasium, Pyotr Ivanovich Panov, died. On January 29, he was buried in the gymnasium church.

In 1913, 262 people studied at the Tobolsk Men’s Gymnasium. In 1913, ten people graduated from the gymnasium and received a certificate of maturity: Velk Vladimir Andreevich, Glushkevich Stanislav Boleslavovich, Zavyalov Ivan Iosifovich, Katkov Timofey Gavrilovich, Miloslavsky Nikolai Mikhailovich, Mokrousov Artem Ivanovich, Pyatchenin Pyotr Mikhailovich, Stepanov Alexander Petrovich, Sukhanov Alexander Alekseevich, Shcherbakov Fedor Alexandrovich. The certificate of maturity was received by Emelyanov Dmitry Vasilyevich.

In 1916, a teachers' institute was opened in Tobolsk. This institution was the 58th in the country or the third in Siberia after Irkutsk and Tomsk Teachers' Institutes. Classes at the Institute began on November 7, 1916. 45 students of the natural-geographical, physical-mathematical and verbal-historical departments started classes. The first and, unfortunately, the last pre-Soviet graduation took place in the summer of 1919, after that the institute was closed for 20 years.

In 1939, the building housed the revived Tobolsk Teachers' Institute (established in 1916, closed in 1919). During the Great Patriotic War, the famous philologist, academician V.V. Vinogradov taught at the Institute. In 1954, the Tobolsk Teachers' Institute was transformed into a pedagogical one. Currently, the building houses one of the educational buildings of the Tobolsk Pedagogical Institute (branch) Tyumen State University.

The building was built in the third quarter of the XIX century and is an example of merchant housing. The lower floor is built of brick and plastered, the upper floor is chopped, sheathed with wood.

During the Great Patriotic War, the building housed a Polish orphanage, which was founded by the embassy of the London emigrant government in the autumn of 1942. Bronislava Vladislavovna Solovyova, a Polish teacher evacuated from Pskov, was appointed director.

Here’s how she recalled it herself: "I was appointed director of the orphanage, because I knew Polish. My first impression of the orphanage was very difficult. The children huddled in the old town hall. When I entered, they crowded together and looked at me in fright. I decided that I would do everything to make them cheerful, cheerful."

By the end of 1943, there were up to 127 students. All of them studied at a Polish school organized at an orphanage. The school was located on the first floor of the teachers' Institute, occupying several classrooms. There were not enough special educational programs in Polish, writing materials. The situation improved after the establishment of the Committee for Polish Children in the USSR. Already in November 1943, the first textbooks in Polish were put into print. A peculiar moment in the staging of educational work was that, along with the red dates of the calendar, Christmas and Christmas Eve were celebrated in the orphanage, which was a tribute to the national traditions of the Poles. The children of the orphanage lived with one cherished desire — to wait for Victory Day as soon as possible. They worked in collective farm fields, patronized the hospital, gave concerts for the wounded, collected medicinal herbs, sent parcels to the front to Polish and Russian soldiers. The children of the orphanage and their teachers did not have a more joyful, happier day than the day of May 9. After the end of the war, the orphanage was in Tobolsk for another year. In June 1946, the children were taken to Poland.

Until 2014, the building housed the student canteen and laboratories of the Tobolsk Pedagogical Institute. Now the building is empty.

The first Catholic church in Tobolsk was a wooden church in the name of God’s Providence, built in 1848 on Novaya Street. At the end of the XIX century, the Polish Catholic community bought a place at the foot of the Trinity Cape from the merchant Serebryakova. The first stone of the Church of the Holy Trinity was laid on August 15, 1900. The funds for the construction were collected by the Poles themselves, in addition, large donations were made by the industrialist Alfons Poklevsky-Kozell Angelica. On August 23, 1909, the church was consecrated (although the bulk of the work was done back in 1907) by Bishop Jan Tseplyak. The church has become not only a religious, but also a cultural center. Polish speech was heard here, weddings and baptisms of babies were held. There was a large library attached to the church. In 1913, there were 9100 Catholics living in the Tobolsk province, who were formally considered parishioners of the church.
After the revolution, all churches in Russia were closed, many were destroyed. In 1923, the same fate befell the Tobolsk Church. The temple lost its towers, and the main one rose to a height of 42 meters. Then, in different years, the church was used as a warehouse, a dining room, a film distribution point, after it was abandoned.

The restoration of the church began after 1993. The work was carried out by the firm "Realbud", firms "Renovabis", "Kirche in Not", Tobolsk Petrochemical Plant. Students of the historical faculty of the Pedagogical Institute helped in clearing the temple of garbage.

The church was consecrated for the second time on August 13, 2000 by Bishop Joseph Werth. The first rector of the church was fr. Stanislav Koller. In 2001, he was replaced by the priest Yaroslav Mitzhak. In August 2003 fr. arrived from Poland. Wojciech Matuszewski.

In 2004, an organ was installed in the church. On June 13, an organ music concert was held, in the same year the first wedding in many years was held. Currently, the church attracts many tourists and visitors to the city — organ music concerts and performances of choral groups are held in the church.

The two-storey wooden house was located at the very foot of the Trinity Cape, next to the Nikolsky vzvoz. The building was built at the end of the XIX century and belonged to the Tobolsk merchant Alexander Adrianovich Syromyatnikov. In 1911, the house at Bogoyavlenskaya Street, 1 was owned by the heirs of Syromyatnikov, who rented apartments in it. At that time, 27 people lived in the house (15 m., 12 w.). In Soviet times, the building housed a dormitory of teachers of the Tobolsk Pedagogical Institute.

The building was built before the fire of 1788 by Councilor Ryazanov. Then it belonged to the merchant and manufacturer Vasily Yakovlevich Kornilyev. After the Big Fire, the Kornilievs handed over the house to Governor Alexander Vasilyevich Alyabyev.

In 1789, the main national school was opened in Tobolsk. At first it was located on Pilyatskaya Street behind the Abramovsky Bridge. In 1796, the school was moved to a building on Bogoyavlenskaya Street. The Alyabievs had already left Tobolsk by that time.

In 1810, the school was reorganized into a men’s gymnasium. The gymnasium corresponded to the status of the provincial one. The building was quite remarkable: at the entrance it was decorated with columns, a classical portico, and the pediment was crowned with a sculpture of the Roman goddess of wisdom Minerva.

We studied at the gymnasium for four years. They studied the law of God, history, geography, political economy, mathematics, physics, logic, drawing, fine sciences and much more.

On August 29, 1880, a bust of Emperor Alexander II was unveiled in the building of the Tobolsk Men 's Gymnasium.

On June 11, 1889, the Tobolsk Men’s Gymnasium celebrated the centenary of its existence. At one o’clock in the afternoon, all students and teachers gathered in the gymnasium hall.

In the second half of the XIX century the question of the construction of a new gymnasium building became acute. The fact is that the old building is very dilapidated. With the increase in the number of high school students, it turned out that the premises could not accommodate all the pupils. Because of the tightness (sometimes there were 40 people in the classroom), high school students often complained of headaches, dizziness, fatigue.

In 1893, classes began in the new gymnasium building, built on the same street from 1889 to 1892. The old building housed a boarding house for nonresident high school students. In 1899 D.I. Mendeleev visited the old gymnasium.

In Soviet times, a polyclinic was located in the building of the old gymnasium, now the building is temporarily occupied by the Tobolsk Archive. There are several projects for its further use: to return a polyclinic to its walls, to arrange a gymnasium, or a museum dedicated to P.P. Ershov.